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Crandall, S.R., Aoki, N., and Nick, T.A. (in press). Developmental modulation of the temporal relationship between brain and behavior. The Journal of Neurophysiology.

Supplementary Video 1 - (450 KB) Simplified moving schematic of the method used to precisely extract song motifs (stereotyped learned sequences of sound). Sonogram (TOP), filtered vocal amplitude recording (MIDDLE, black), filtered ‘canonical’ motif used to extract all motifs from this finch (MIDDLE, red), and cross-correlogram (BOTTOM) are shown temporally aligned. There are peaks in the cross-correlation when the canonical motif matches the pattern of the recorded sound. Audio on for best results.

Supplementary Video 2 - (1.41 MB) Population recordings reveal striking differences between adult and juvenile vocal-associated activity. Sonograms (TOP) and population recordings (BOTTOM) are shown temporally aligned. A recording from adult is followed by recordings from juveniles. All animals sang during the recording. Audio on for best results.

Supplementary Video 3 - (2.51 MB) Activity of a single unit recorded in the HVC of an awake juvenile during vocalization and playback. Sonogram (TOP) and the activity of a single unit identified with multi-electrode recording and spike sorting (BOTTOM) are shown temporally aligned. Note that the same unit fires during playback and before and after vocalizations. Audio on for best results.